前台传递的参数为集合对象时,后台Controller希望用一个List集合接收数据。
原生SpringMVC是不支持,Controller参数定义为List类型时,接收参数会报如下错误:
org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [java.util.List]: Specified class is an interfaceat org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:99) ~[spring-beans-4.3.16.RELEASE.jar:4.3.16.RELEASE]at org.springframework.web.method.annotation.ModelAttributeMethodProcessor.createAttribute(ModelAttributeMethodProcessor.java:139) ~[spring-web-4.3.16.RELEASE.jar:4.3.16.RELEASE]at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletModelAttributeMethodProcessor.createAttribute(ServletModelAttributeMethodProcessor.java:82) ~[spring-webmvc-4.3.16.RELEASE.jar:4.3.16.RELEASE]at org.springframework.web.method.annotation.ModelAttributeMethodProcessor.resolveArgument(ModelAttributeMethodProcessor.java:106) ~[spring-web-4.3.16.RELEASE.jar:4.3.16.RELEASE]at org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite.resolveArgument(HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite.java:121) ~[spring-web-4.3.16.RELEASE.jar:4.3.16.RELEASE]at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.getMethodArgumentValues(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:158) ~[spring-web-4.3.16.RELEASE.jar:4.3.16.RELEASE]at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:128) ~[spring-web-4.3.16.RELEASE.jar:4.3.16.RELEASE]at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:97) ~[spring-webmvc-4.3.16.RELEASE.jar:4.3.16.RELEASE]at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:827) ~[spring-webmvc-4.3.16.RELEASE.jar:4.3.16.RELEASE]at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:738) ~[spring-webmvc-4.3.16.RELEASE.jar:4.3.16.RELEASE]at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:85) ~[spring-webmvc-4.3.16.RELEASE.jar:4.3.16.RELEASE]
查看了一下源码,发现问题在于ModelAttributeMethodProcessor解析参数时,会先使用BeanUtils.instantiateClass方法创建一个对象实例来接收参数。然而List是一个接口,不能被实例化。于是我想到,既然自带的参数解析器不能解析,那就自定义一个参数解析器来实现这个功能。
List存在类型擦除,在运行期不能够通过反射来获取泛型,所以得有个办法获取泛型,我便定义了一个注解ListParam
/** * 强制申明List的泛型 * 用于反射获取参数类型 * * @author zengyuanjun * */@Target(ElementType.PARAMETER)@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)@Documentedpublic @interface ListParam { public Class value();}
接下来写自定义的解析器ListArgumentResolver 。解析器需要实现HandlerMethodArgumentResolver接口,该接口有两个方法:
1. supportsParameter(MethodParameter parameter) 返回当前解析器是否支持该参数。
2. resolveArgument(MethodParameter parameter, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer, NativeWebRequest webRequest, WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory) 具体的参数解析实现。
先使用webRequest.getParameterValues(String paramName)获取request中的参数数组,遍历添加到List<MutablePropertyValues>中,以分配给各个对象。再循环使用ServletRequestDataBinder绑定PropertyValues进行类型转换,得到需要的对象集合。
import java.lang.reflect.Field;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;import org.springframework.beans.MutablePropertyValues;import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;import org.springframework.web.bind.ServletRequestDataBinder;import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;import org.springframework.web.bind.support.WebDataBinderFactory;import org.springframework.web.context.request.NativeWebRequest;import org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodArgumentResolver;import org.springframework.web.method.support.ModelAndViewContainer;import com.zyj.springboot.study.annotation.ListParam;/** * List集合参数解析器 * @author zengyuanjun * */@Componentpublic class ListArgumentResolver implements HandlerMethodArgumentResolver { @Override public boolean supportsParameter(MethodParameter parameter) { if (null != parameter.getParameterAnnotation(ListParam.class) && List.class.equals(parameter.getParameterType())) { return true; } return false; } @Override public Object resolveArgument(MethodParameter parameter, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer, NativeWebRequest webRequest, WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory) throws Exception { String[] parameterValues = null; MutablePropertyValues mutablePropertyValues = null; Class elementClass = getElementTypeFromAnnotation(parameter); ListmpvList = new ArrayList (); Field[] fields = elementClass.getDeclaredFields(); for (Field field : fields) { parameterValues = webRequest.getParameterValues(field.getName()); if (null == parameterValues) { continue; } for (int i = 0; i < parameterValues.length; i++) { if (mpvList.size() <= i) { mutablePropertyValues = new MutablePropertyValues(); mutablePropertyValues.add(field.getName(), parameterValues[i]); mpvList.add(mutablePropertyValues); } else { mutablePropertyValues = mpvList.get(i); mutablePropertyValues.add(field.getName(), parameterValues[i]); } } } String name = ClassUtils.getShortNameAsProperty(elementClass); Object attribute = null; WebDataBinder binder = null; ServletRequestDataBinder servletBinder = null; Object element = null; List
定义好解析器后,需要注入到RequestMappingHandlerAdapter中,这里要注意,自带的ServletModelAttributeMethodProcessor解析器是对List类型生效的!!!所以必须把自定义的解析器放到ServletModelAttributeMethodProcessor前面,我这里直接把自定义的解析器ListArgumentResolver放到了第一个。
import java.util.LinkedList;import java.util.List;import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodArgumentResolver;import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter;import com.zyj.springboot.study.resolver.ListArgumentResolver;/** * 初始化将自定义的ListArgumentResolver注入到RequestMappingHandlerAdapter中 * @author zengyuanjun * */@Componentpublic class InitialListArgumentResolver implements ApplicationContextAware { @Override public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException { RequestMappingHandlerAdapter handlerAdapter = applicationContext.getBean(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.class); ListargumentResolvers = handlerAdapter.getArgumentResolvers(); List resolvers = new LinkedList (); resolvers.add(new ListArgumentResolver()); resolvers.addAll(argumentResolvers); handlerAdapter.setArgumentResolvers(resolvers); }}
然后?就没有然后了,使用时在List参数前加上ListParam注解,申明一下类型就好。最后还是给个使用的小例子吧!
页面定义了多个user对象的信息,它们的name是重复的。
(-.-) ZYJ (*-*)
后台controller使用List<User>接收,注意要加上@ListParam(User.class)申明类型。
@RestControllerpublic class UserContoller { @Autowired private UserService userService; @RequestMapping("/addUsers") public Object addUsers(@ListParam(User.class) Listusers){ return userService.addUsers(users); }}